COMBINE-CT

It is a medical image of the blood vessels of the body. It is often used to look for a narrowing of the coronary arteries of the heart, which may be the cause for chest pain. This image can be obtained non-invasively using coronary CT angiography, or invasively using coronary catheterization.

It is the quality of algorithms and machines that display cognitive abilities proper of human intelligence. Nowadays, the term artificial intelligence usually makes reference to machine learning and deep learning.

• Machine Learning is the branch of artificial intelligence that studies computer programs that modify themselves to achieve a goal.
• Deep Learning is a subset of machine learning that uses neural networks.

Pain in the front of the chest is a common symptom of coronary artery disease, which is a life-threatening situation. A patient that arrives with chest pain to the emergency room will undergo diagnostic testing to determine the cause of the chest pain. Testing might start with an electrocardiogram and blood tests, but if results are inconclusive an angiography might also be required to emit a definitive diagnosis.

It is a medical imaging technique that uses a rotating X-ray tube to obtain internal images of the body.

It is the narrowing of cardiac arteries due to the build-up of atherosclerotic plaque, caused by high cholesterol and other risk factors.

As a consequence, the blood flow to the cardiac muscle is decreased, and angina or myocardial infarction might ensue, which is a life-threatening situation. A common symptom is chest pain or discomfort which may travel into the shoulder, arm, back, neck, or jaw.

It is a medical invasive procedure to access the coronary arteries of the heart using a catheter. It can be used for diagnostic and treatment purposes.

• Injecting a contrasting agent through the catheter, and using X-ray imaging, this technique reveals the coronary arteries and provides an angiography image.
• Opening a blocked coronary artery and placing a stent to keep it open, this technique is used to treat coronary artery disease.

Although this technique is non-surgical and minimally invasive, it is not free from complications.

It is an angiography image acquired using a CT scan. A contrasting agent must be injected so that blood vessels are visible in the CT image.

It is a reduction in the blood flow to any tissue or organ of the body, that causes a shortage of oxygen and nutrients, with resultant damage or dysfunction.

It is new type of CT scanner that is able to differentiate the energy of the X-ray into high energy and low energy. This characteristic improves the resulting images and makes it easier to differentiate body tissues in the images.

Like the spectral CT scanner, this scanner that is able to differentiate the energy of the X-rays, by measuring the energy of individual photons. This improves further the resolution and characteristics of the image.